Win32 example/tutorial with GC?

[Johnny]

David,

It's still not working with me; I must have something wrong in my code 
or in my MinGW/GDC installation.

Here is a simple example that I tried to compile with GDC 0.23. I really 
wish not only to correct the problem, but to understand exactly what's 
going wrong:


Compilation Steps:
-----------------
1- $ gdc -c -v WinMenu.d  (OK)

	Reading specs from c:/MinGW/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/specs
	Configured with: ../gcc-3.4.5-20060117-1/configure --prefix=/gdc 
--disable-shared --enable-languages=c,d --host=mingw32 --target=mingw32 
--with-gnu-ld --with-gnu-as --enable-threads --disable-nls 
--disable-win32-registry --disable-shared --enable-sjlj-exceptions
	Thread model: win32
	gcc version 3.4.5 (mingw special) (gdc 0.23, using dmd 1.007)
	 c:/MinGW/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/cc1d.exe WinMenu.d -quiet 
-dumpbase WinMenu.d -auxbase WinMenu -version -iprefix 
c:\MinGW\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/ -o 
g:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp/ccoDaaaa.s
	GNU D version 3.4.5 (mingw special) (gdc 0.23, using dmd 1.007) (mingw32)
			compiled by GNU C version 3.4.2 (mingw-special).
	GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=46 --param ggc-min-heapsize=31678
	 c:/MinGW/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/../../../../mingw32/bin/as.exe 
-o WinMenu.o g:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp/ccoDaaaa.s


2- $ gdc -v -Wall -o  WinMenu-gdc.exe WinMenu.d -lgphobos  (Link errors)

	Reading specs from c:/MinGW/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/specs
	Configured with: ../gcc-3.4.5-20060117-1/configure --prefix=/gdc 
--disable-shared --enable-languages=c,d --host=mingw32 --target=mingw32 
--with-gnu-ld --with-gnu-as --enable-threads --disable-nls 
--disable-win32-registry --disable-shared --enable-sjlj-exceptions
	Thread model: win32
	gcc version 3.4.5 (mingw special) (gdc 0.23, using dmd 1.007)
	 c:/MinGW/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/cc1d.exe WinMenu.d -quiet 
-dumpbase WinMenu.d -auxbase WinMenu -Wall -version -iprefix 
c:\MinGW\bin\../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/ -o 
g:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp/ccQJaaaa.s
	GNU D version 3.4.5 (mingw special) (gdc 0.23, using dmd 1.007) (mingw32)
			compiled by GNU C version 3.4.2 (mingw-special).
	GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=46 --param ggc-min-heapsize=31678
	 c:/MinGW/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/../../../../mingw32/bin/as.exe 
-o g:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp/ccwjbaaa.o 
g:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp/ccQJaaaa.s
	 c:/MinGW/bin/../libexec/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/collect2.exe -Bdynamic -o 
WinMenu-gdc.exe /mingw/lib/crt2.o 
c:/MinGW/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/crtbegin.o 
-Lc:/MinGW/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5 -Lc:/MinGW/bin/../lib/gcc 
-L/gdc/lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5 
-Lc:/MinGW/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/../../../../mingw32/lib 
-L/mingw/lib -Lc:/MinGW/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/../../.. 
-L/gdc/lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/../../.. 
g:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp/ccwjbaaa.o -lgphobos -lgphobos 
-lmingw32 -lgcc -lmoldname -lmingwex -lmsvcrt -luser32 -lkernel32 
-ladvapi32 -lshell32 -lmingw32 -lgcc -lmoldname -lmingwex -lmsvcrt 
c:/MinGW/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/crtend.o
	/mingw/lib/libgphobos.a(cmain.o):(.text+0x19): undefined reference to 
`_Dmain'
	collect2: ld returned 1 exit status


It seems that the Phobos library itself refers to _Dmain and linker 
can't find it, so where is _Dmain, and why isn't it found?


The source code file is attached.

Thanks
john



David Friedman wrote:
> Johnny wrote:
>> Hello
>>
>> I'm trying to make a simple windows GUI application using D.
>> First, I used DMD, and I suffered a lot due to it's OMF format. So I 
>> decided
>> to switch to GDC (with MinGW). But I still receive linking errors 
>> related to
>> Phobos :-(
>>
>> Are there any examples or tutorials that can help in this area? I.e. ones
>> that show how to set the GC correctly... There are such examples for DMD,
>> but I couldn't find similar examples for GDC... So any help?
>>
>> Thanks
>> john
>>
>>
>>
> 
> If you are linking with other libraries, you may need to explicitly link 
> against -lgphobos with that library early on the command line:
> 
> gdc a.o b.o -lgphobos -lwsock32
> 
> If you do not need a custom WinMain, just write the normal D main(). 
> Otherwise, the easiest thing to do is call _d_run_Dmain:
> 
> ---
> import std.c.windows.windows;
> extern (C) int _d_run_Dmain(int argc, char **argv);
> extern (Windows)
> int WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
>         HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
>         LPSTR lpCmdLine,
>         int nCmdShow)
> {
>     char * fake_argv ="x";
>     return _d_run_Dmain(1, & fake_argv);
> }
> 
> int main(char[][] args) {
>   return 0;
> }
> ---
> 
> David

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