dmd vs rdmd
Joshua Niehus
jm.niehus at gmail.com
Mon Jun 13 07:38:21 PDT 2011
Thanks Jonathan, that cleared things up for me.
Josh
On Sat, Jun 11, 2011 at 12:00 PM, <digitalmars-d-learn-request at puremagic.com
> wrote:
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> Today's Topics:
>
> 1. dmd vs rdmd (Joshua Niehus)
> 2. Re: dmd vs rdmd (Jonathan M Davis)
> 3. Re: dmd vs rdmd (Andrej Mitrovic)
> 4. char[] to string (Jonathan Sternberg)
> 5. Re: char[] to string (Jonathan M Davis)
> 6. Re: DMD Backend: Deciding instructions to use/avoid?
> (Nick Sabalausky)
> 7. Re: char[] to string (bearophile)
>
>
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Message: 1
> Date: Fri, 10 Jun 2011 14:28:41 -0700
> From: Joshua Niehus <jm.niehus at gmail.com>
> To: digitalmars-d-learn at puremagic.com
> Subject: dmd vs rdmd
> Message-ID: <BANLkTi=TYnN+UuxCr8wj8UwFRjS=iVzM3Q at mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
>
> Hello,
>
> I am trying to compile code which is composed of two modules (in the same
> directory):
>
> main.d
> foo.d
>
> foo.d just declares a class Foo which has a string variable "bar" which i
> set to "hello" and main.d just prints bar's value to the console:
>
> // --------- main.d -----------
> import std.stdio, foo;
>
> void main() {
> Foo f = new Foo;
> writeln(f.bar);
> }
>
> When i attempt to compile main.d via:
> $dmd main.d
> I get undefined symbol errors.
>
> But when I run:
> $rdmd main.d
> it works as expected.
>
> The only way I could get main.d to compile with just dmd was to compile foo
> as a lib first and then compile main.d and passing the foo.a file as an
> argument:
> $dmd -lib foo.d
> $dmd main.d foo.a
>
> Is this normal?
> I got the impression from TDPL (Alexandrescu) that the dmd compiler would
> automatically search the root directory, find foo.d, work its magic, and
> create all the symbols that were defined in foo.d for main.d to compile...
>
> Thanks,
> Josh
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> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 2
> Date: Fri, 10 Jun 2011 21:50:37 +0000
> From: "Jonathan M Davis" <jmdavisProg at gmx.com>
> To: "digitalmars.D.learn" <digitalmars-d-learn at puremagic.com>
> Subject: Re: dmd vs rdmd
> Message-ID: <20110610215037.56570 at gmx.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
>
> On 2011-06-10 14:28, Joshua Niehus wrote:
> > Hello,
> >
> > I am trying to compile code which is composed of two modules (in the same
> > directory):
> >
> > main.d
> > foo.d
> >
> > foo.d just declares a class Foo which has a string variable "bar" which i
> > set to "hello" and main.d just prints bar's value to the console:
> >
> > // --------- main.d -----------
> > import std.stdio, foo;
> >
> > void main() {
> > Foo f = new Foo;
> > writeln(f.bar);
> > }
> >
> > When i attempt to compile main.d via:
> > $dmd main.d
> > I get undefined symbol errors.
> >
> > But when I run:
> > $rdmd main.d
> > it works as expected.
> >
> > The only way I could get main.d to compile with just dmd was to compile
> foo
> > as a lib first and then compile main.d and passing the foo.a file as an
> > argument:
> > $dmd -lib foo.d
> > $dmd main.d foo.a
> >
> > Is this normal?
> > I got the impression from TDPL (Alexandrescu) that the dmd compiler would
> > automatically search the root directory, find foo.d, work its magic, and
> > create all the symbols that were defined in foo.d for main.d to
> compile...
>
> With dmd, you must list every file that you're compiling. The only
> exceptions
> are that when dealing with libraries, dmd to have the root directory where
> the
> source is passed to -I, and it needs to have the root directory where the
> library is given with -L and -l with the library name (or just the library
> directly if you don't want it to search for the library). It's like gcc and
> dmc in that respect. It does nothing extra to track down files to compile
> for
> you. It'll find the source for importing thanks to -I, but it won't compile
> it. You must still compile it. You don't normally need -I or -L however,
> because dmd.conf (or sc.ini on Windows) already adds the appropriate flags
> for
> Phobos for you. You only need too specify them yourself when using other
> libraries.
>
> rdmd does extra magic to automatically track down all of the files that
> main.d
> imports and compile them. dmd doesn't do that.
>
> - Jonathan M Davis
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 3
> Date: Sat, 11 Jun 2011 01:08:50 +0200
> From: Andrej Mitrovic <andrej.mitrovich at gmail.com>
> To: "digitalmars.D.learn" <digitalmars-d-learn at puremagic.com>
> Subject: Re: dmd vs rdmd
> Message-ID: <BANLkTimH88skMm0DEa7h1JLuGhZaJ9XJqw at mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
>
> Perhaps -L is just a linux feature, on Windows it only passes options
> to Optlink, and passing directories won't add them to search paths for
> library files.
>
> E.g. if I have:
> main.d
> foo/test.d
> foo/test.lib <- compiled as a library
>
> and try to invoke:
> dmd main.d -I.\foo\ test.lib -L.\foo\
>
> Optlink won't find the lib file:
> Warning 2: File Not Found foo.lib
>
> I always have to specify the full path to the lib file, e.g.:
> dmd main.d -I.\test2\ .\test2\foo.lib
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 4
> Date: Sat, 11 Jun 2011 02:56:19 +0000 (UTC)
> From: Jonathan Sternberg <jonathansternberg at gmail.com>
> To: digitalmars-d-learn at puremagic.com
> Subject: char[] to string
> Message-ID: <isulgj$1efp$1 at digitalmars.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
>
> Why doesn't this work?
>
> import std.stdio;
>
> string copy_string(char [] input)
> {
> return input.dup;
> }
>
> int main()
> {
> char [] buf = ['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'];
> writeln( copy_string(buf) );
> }
>
> I want to do something more complex. In my code, I want to have a dynamic
> array that I can append stuff into and then return it as a string. In C++,
> a
> non-const variable can be implicitly converted into a const. I know string
> is
> an alias for const char. Is there a reason why it won't implicitly convert
> it?
>
> I hesitate to use cast for this type of thing as it probably indicates I'm
> doing something fundamentally wrong as I'm just starting to learn the
> language.
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 5
> Date: Fri, 10 Jun 2011 21:32:44 -0700
> From: Jonathan M Davis <jmdavisProg at gmx.com>
> To: "digitalmars.D.learn" <digitalmars-d-learn at puremagic.com>
> Subject: Re: char[] to string
> Message-ID: <201106102132.44286.jmdavisProg at gmx.com>
> Content-Type: Text/Plain; charset="us-ascii"
>
> On 2011-06-10 19:56, Jonathan Sternberg wrote:
> > Why doesn't this work?
> >
> > import std.stdio;
> >
> > string copy_string(char [] input)
> > {
> > return input.dup;
> > }
> >
> > int main()
> > {
> > char [] buf = ['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'];
> > writeln( copy_string(buf) );
> > }
> >
> > I want to do something more complex. In my code, I want to have a dynamic
> > array that I can append stuff into and then return it as a string. In
> C++,
> > a non-const variable can be implicitly converted into a const. I know
> > string is an alias for const char. Is there a reason why it won't
> > implicitly convert it?
> >
> > I hesitate to use cast for this type of thing as it probably indicates
> I'm
> > doing something fundamentally wrong as I'm just starting to learn the
> > language.
>
> string is an alias for immutable(char)[]. The elements of a string can
> never
> be altered. dup returns a mutable copy of a string (not const, not
> immutable).
> idup returns an immutable copy. So, in this case you want idup, not dup.
> Even
> better though, would be to use std.conv.to - e.g. to!string(input). This
> will
> convert input to a string, but it has the advantage that if input is
> already a
> string, then it'll just return the string rather than making another copy
> like
> idup would.
>
> - Jonathan M Davis
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 6
> Date: Sat, 11 Jun 2011 03:11:07 -0400
> From: "Nick Sabalausky" <a at a.a>
> To: digitalmars-d-learn at puremagic.com
> Subject: Re: DMD Backend: Deciding instructions to use/avoid?
> Message-ID: <isv4mh$2a0v$1 at digitalmars.com>
>
> "Andrew Wiley" <wiley.andrew.j at gmail.com> wrote in message
> news:mailman.762.1307693296.14074.digitalmars-d-learn at puremagic.com...
> > On Thu, Jun 9, 2011 at 5:58 PM, Nick Sabalausky <a at a.a> wrote:
> >
> >> "Bernard Helyer" <b.helyer at gmail.com> wrote in message
> >> news:isdgdc$m3a$1 at digitalmars.com...
> >> > If you run the program in GDB, can you disassemble when the error is
> >> > given? That may give you the instruction the kernel is assasinating
> >> > your
> >> > process for.
> >>
> >> I can try that if anyone can help walk me through it or at least point
> me
> >> to
> >> a good beginner's tutorial for gdb. I never use commandline debuggers,
> >> and
> >> I've never even touched gdb, so I don't have the slightest clue how to
> >> use
> >> it.
> >>
> >>
> >> The short version is to run `gdb yourapp` which will get you into the
> GDB
> > shell. Then `run` to actually start the app. It will halt and return to
> > the
> > shell when it hits the bad instruction, and you should type `disass` to
> > view
> > the assembly code of the current function. There will be a pointer (->, I
> > think) pointing to the current instruction in the listing.
> > You can find GDB basics at http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~gilpin/tutorial/
> > although
> > that tutorial doesn't include `disass`. I mostly learned it by firing it
> > up
> > and typing `help` :D
> >
>
> Thanks. This is what I get:
>
> $ gdb ./dvm-0.2.0-linux-32
> GNU gdb (GDB) 7.1-ubuntu
> Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
> License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
> <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
> This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
> There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
> and "show warranty" for details.
> This GDB was configured as "i486-linux-gnu".
> For bug reporting instructions, please see:
> <http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>...
> Reading symbols from /home/nick/dev/d/tool/dvm-0.2.0-linux-32...(no
> debugging symbols found)...done.
> (gdb) run
> Starting program: /home/nick/dev/d/tool/dvm-0.2.0-linux-32
> [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
>
> Program received signal SIGILL, Illegal instruction.
> 0x080bccdb in
>
> _D5tango4core4sync6Atomic31__T13memoryBarrierVb1Vb0Vi0Vb0Z13memoryBarrierFZv
> ()
> (gdb) disass
> Dump of assembler code for function
>
> _D5tango4core4sync6Atomic31__T13memoryBarrierVb1Vb0Vi0Vb0Z13memoryBarrierFZv:
> 0x080bccd8 <+0>: push %ebp
> 0x080bccd9 <+1>: mov %esp,%ebp
> => 0x080bccdb <+3>: lfence
> 0x080bccde <+6>: pop %ebp
> 0x080bccdf <+7>: ret
> End of assembler dump.
> (gdb)
>
> So apperently it's a memory fence instruction. I don't have a clue what my
> CPU supports in that area. Oh, and apperently it's inside Tango, so maybe
> I'll bring this up over there. But I have no idea if that's something that
> Tango has in common with druntime or not.
>
>
>
>
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 7
> Date: Sat, 11 Jun 2011 08:12:51 -0400
> From: bearophile <bearophileHUGS at lycos.com>
> To: digitalmars-d-learn at puremagic.com
> Subject: Re: char[] to string
> Message-ID: <isvm43$bjo$1 at digitalmars.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain
>
> Jonathan M Davis:
>
> > Even better though, would be to use std.conv.to - e.g. to!string(input).
> This will
> > convert input to a string, but it has the advantage that if input is
> already a
> > string, then it'll just return the string rather than making another copy
> like
> > idup would.
>
> I didn't know this. Isn't it very good to give this bit of intelligence to
> idup too?
>
> Bye,
> bearophile
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
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>
> End of Digitalmars-d-learn Digest, Vol 65, Issue 26
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